This month's puzzle concerns random binary trees. Let p be a fixed parameter between 0 and 1. Starting with the complete infinite binary tree retain each edge randomly and independently with probability p. Our random binary tree is the portion connected to the root. So for example the binary tree consisting of the root alone will be selected with probability (1-p)**2 (ie when neither edge out of the root is retained). www.ddhw.com Some of these random binary trees will contain an infinite number of vertices. Throw these out. Then we ask what is the expected number of vertices as a function of p of a random binary tree selected in this way. This is a problem for which it is possible to obtain the right answer in a non-rigorous way. We will not attempt to check the derivation of submitted solutions but you should think about what would be required to prove your answer rigorously.
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